Issue 2019

Bulgarian Institute of Metrology - activities in the field of scientific metrology

1) Sasho Nedialkov 2) Antoaneta Yovcheva
1) Bulgarian Institute of Metrology (BIM), DG National Center of Metrology (GD NCM) Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: s.nedialkov@bim.government.bg 2) BIM, DG NCM Electrical Measurement Department Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: a.yovcheva@ bim.government.bg

Abstract: Bulgarian Institute of Metrology (BIM) performing its duties as Bulgarian National Metrology Institute and National Legal Metrology Body has a key role in metrology infrastructure. The main activities of BIM support the quality of life and the development of the economy. This is done by providing metrological traceability for national measurements using national standards and certified reference materials that BIM develops and maintains, and also with metrological control activities on measuring instruments related to health, public safety, environmental protection, state and municipal receivables and trade payments.

Key-words: metrology, BIM, BIPM, EURAMET, EMPIR, calibration and measurement capabilities (CMC).

Pages from: 13 to: 17

Language of the report: english

Analysis of the state diagram correctness of automatic logic control systems on FPGA Paper

1) Maryna Mіroshnyk 2) Alexander Shkil 3) Elvira Kulak 4) Dariia Rakhlis 5) Inna Filippenko 6) Maksym Hoha
1) dept. Specialized Computer Systems Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport Kharkiv, Ukraine e-mail: marinagmiro@gmail.com 2) dept. Computer Engineering Design Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics Kharkiv, Ukraine e-mail: oleksandr.shkil@nure.ua 3) dept. Computer Engineering Design Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics Kharkiv, Ukraine e-mail: elvira.kulak@nure.ua 4) dept. Computer Engineering Design Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics Kharkiv, Ukraine e-mail: dariia.rakhlis@nure.ua 5) dept. Computer Engineering Design Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics Kharkiv, Ukraine e-mail: inna.filippenko@nure.ua 6) dept. Computer Engineering Design Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics Kharkiv, Ukraine e-mail: maksym.hoha@nure.ua

Abstract: The work is dedicated to verification of automatic logic control systems by analyzing the correctness of state diagrams of control finite state machines which are represented in the form of the code in the hardware description language. As a method for state diagram analysis the, it is proposed to use the concept of orthogonality, as a system of incompatible events. Analysis of the correctness is carried out by analysis the results of behavioral modeling and logical synthesis using CAD tools

Key-words: finite state machine, state diagram, HDL-model, synthesis, orthogonal Boolean function.

Pages from: 18 to: 22

Language of the report: english

Measurement and analysis of cross-band satellite antenna parameters

1) Tereza Stefanova 2) Angel Alexandrov
1) Department of Telecommunications New Bulgarian University Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: tstefanova@nbu.bg 2) Department of Telecommunications New Bulgarian University Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: asalexandrov@nbu.bg

Abstract: Satellite antennas are constructively shaped like an irradiator and a reflector. Satellite antennas with a single irradiator placed in the focus of one parabola operate at one frequency. Some satellite systems operate at two frequencies of different ranges. Is it possible for two irradiators working on a cross-band to work together on one reflector? In this case, a whole antenna structure is saved. The answer to the question is given in this article. Measurements and analysis of the results of three different irradiators were made in real conditions. For the high frequency, a standard low-noise converter is selected. For the low frequency three different beam constructions are selected. Measurements are made on a real Earth - Satellite - Earth track.

Key-words: measurement, satellite antenna, duobander

Pages from: 23 to: 26

Language of the report: english

Development of a Virtual System for generating and measuring real signals

1) Dimo Parmakov 2) Nikolai Paunkov 3) Vania Rangelova
1) Dep. of Electrical Engineering Technical University of Sofia - Branch Plovdiv Plovdiv, Bulgaria e-mail: dimoparmakov@gmail.com 2) Dep. of Electrical Engineering Technical University of Sofia - Branch Plovdiv Plovdiv, Bulgaria e-mail: nik123@abv.bg 3) Dep. of Electrical Engineering Technical University of Sofia - Branch Plovdiv Plovdiv, Bulgaria e-mail: vaniarangelova@tu-plovdiv.bg

Abstract: The generation of signals is important for the troubleshooting and for the development of every electronic device. The generator normally is used to provide known test conditions for the performance evaluation of electronic systems and for replacing signals that are missing in systems during repairing work, it can be used for test some electrical or electronic circuit to generate periodic signals, for computers and control system it can work as a timer. In the present work have been developed a Virtual Functional Generator with output for two real signals. It have been developed inside also a Measurement Tool - Oscilloscope and Spectrum Analyzer. The testing experiments proved that this virtual instrument / VI / works properly. This VI could be used for educational purposes or other purposes.

Key-words: virtual instruments, generators, spectrum analyzer, oscilloscope

Pages from: 27 to: 32

Language of the report: english

Measurement System for Engine Cylinder Roundness Assessment – accuracy analysis

1) Verzhiniya Aleksandrova 2) Janusz Derezynski
1) Department of Applied Mechanics, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: aleksandrovassuctm@gmail.com 2) Department of Applied Mechanics, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: j.derezynski@gmail.com

Abstract: The presented paper is a continuation of research which was conducted and presented in the previous articles. The focus of the paper is to present the metrological limitation of the application of the three-point method in the measurement system dedicated to measuring the roundness of the inner surface. The paper presents simulations showing the influence of mechanics and algorithm on the accuracy of the device. The simulations are made using CAD software. The results and analysis could be used to further investigations and development of systems based on the three-point method as well as help designers who want to design devices to measure roundness based on the three-point method.

Key-words: precision, measurement, accuracy, roundness, automation

Pages from: 33 to: 37

Language of the report: english

MEASUREMENT OF THE CLOSING FORCE AT AUTOMATIC CLOSING BOTTLES WITH SCREW CAPS

1) Reneta Dimitrova 2) Stiliyan Nikolov 3) Slav Dimitrov
1) dept. ADP Faculty ME Technical University Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: rkd@tu-sofia.bg 2) dept. ADP Faculty ME Technical University Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: st_nikolov2@tu-sofia.bg 3) dept. ADP Faculty ME Technical University Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: sbd@tu-sofia.bg

Abstract: The article explores the influence of the applied torque onto closing the bottles with screw caps on the resulting closing force. By using a specialized stand, an experiment was conducted to measure the force generated at the automated closing. A graphical representation of the experiment's results is proposed.

Key-words: automation, screw caps, experiment, closing force

Pages from: 38 to: 42

Language of the report: english

The problem of the formation of the normalized unbalance when carrying out accounting transactions of petroleum products

1) D.V. Artamonov 2) A. G. Godnev 3) N.P. Ordinartseva
1) Penza State University (PSU) 440026, Krasnya Street, 40, Penza, Russia e-mail: dmitrartamon@yandex.ru 2) Gubkin Russian State University of oil and gas (national research University); 119991, 65 Leninsky prospect build.1, Moscow, Russia e-mail: ntc-korolev@yandex.ru 3) Penza State University (PSU) 440026, Krasnya Street, 40, Penza, Russia e-mail: np_ordinartseva@mail.ru

Abstract: The problem of the formation of a normalized unbalance during the accounting operations of petroleum products is considered, its relevance and the need for a speedy solution are emphasized. Identified sources of measurement uncertainty, causing the occurrence of unbalance. Recommendations for taking into account unbalance when developing new regulatory documents in the oil sector are given.

Key-words: Unbalance, mass flow, volume flow, accounting operations of petroleum products, measurement uncertainty

Pages from: 43 to: 46

Language of the report: english

Assessment of Accuracy and Precision of a Complex Polymer Component

1) Georgi Todorov 2) Borislav Romanov 3) Todor Todorov
1) Laboratory „CAD/CAM/CAE in Industry“, FIT Technical University of Sofia Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: gdt@tu-sofia.bg 2) Laboratory „CAD/CAM/CAE in Industry“, FIT Technical University of Sofia Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: bromanov@tu-sofia.bg 3) Laboratory „CAD/CAM/CAE in Industry“, FIT Technical University of Sofia Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: ttodorov@3clab.com

Abstract: The work presented is an injection molding filling analysis of a complex polymer component. Assessment of accuracy and precision of the manufacturing process between a virtual prototype and a physical model is achieved by a way of a 3-dimensional laser scanning technology. Defined are basic advantages and potentialities for such an assessment as well as suggestions towards the manufacturing process for achieving the desired quality and accuracy.

Key-words: CAD modeling, mold tools, scanning, injection molding, polymer

Pages from: 47 to: 50

Language of the report: english

Hall effect closed loop current transducers

1) Grigor Mihalkov 2) Hristiana Nikolova
1) Precise techniques and measuring instruments Technical University - Sofia Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: grigor.mihalkov@woodward.com 2) Precise techniques and measuring instruments Technical University - Sofia Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: hristqna@abv.bg

Abstract: Closed loop current transducers are used in a large number of industrial applications, where they provide the measurement, display and control of currents. Typical applications are represented with their main characteristics.

Key-words: transducer, closed loop, hall effect

Pages from: 51 to: 54

Language of the report: english

BRÜEL & KJAER AND SPECTRI LTD. PRESENTING VIBRATION TEST SYSTEMS

1) Boris Mihaylov 2) Alen Etsov
1) Spectri Ltd. Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: boris@spectri.bg 2) Spectri Ltd. Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: a.ecov@spectri.bg

Abstract: In the recent paper a comparative information about vibration test systems by Brüel & Kjær is presented

Key-words: vibrations, systems, shaker

Pages from: 55 to: 59

Language of the report: english

DEVELOPMENT, NEWS AND PRODUCTS IN THE FIELD OF NOISE AND VIBRATIONS BY SPECTRI LTD

1) Alen Etsov 2) Boris Mihaylov
1) Spectri Ltd. Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: a.ecov@spectri.bg 2) Spectri Ltd. Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: boris@spectri.bg

Abstract: Since 1998 SPECTRI LTD focus has been sound and vibration till today. With the development of new technologies in that field, we are trying to adapt, learn, evolve so we can do our work better, accurate and correct to our customers. By becoming partners with world leading companies in the last year we are able to achieve that. In the recent paper a comparative information for the progress, development, news and products in the field of noise and vibrations by SPECTRI Ltd. is presented.

Key-words: noise, vibrations, spectri, measurements, news, development

Pages from: 60 to: 63

Language of the report: english

SPECTRI – LAB NEW ACCREDITED LABORATORY FOR TESTING AND CALIBRATION OF CALIBRATORS, SOUND LEVEL METERS, MULTIFUNCTIONAL CALIBRATORS AND NOISE DOSIMETERS. METHODS OF APPLYING METHODOLOGIES, INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS.

1) Boris Mihaylov 2) Alen Etsov
1) Spectri Ltd. Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: boris@spectri.bg 2) Spectri Ltd. Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: a.ecov@spectri.bg

Abstract: This paper presents the used concept, technical support and metrological reference regarding the unique accredited laboratory for calibration of sound level meters, calibrators, multifunctional calibrators, noise dosimeters - SPECTRI - LAB in the Republic of Bulgaria. Presenting SPECTRI – LAB calibration system and methods of applying methodologies and international standards.

Key-words: calibration, sound level meters, calibrators, dosimeters, laboratory, SPECTRI, testing

Pages from: 64 to: 69

Language of the report: english

SPECTRI LTD. AND THE LEADERS IN THE FIELD OF ROTARY AND RECIPROCATING INDUSTRIAL MACHINES VIBRATIONS BRÜEL & KJAER VIBRO. INNOVATIVE PROJECT DELIVERY, CONDITION MONITORING SOLUTIONS, MACHINE DIAGNOSIS AND SERVICES.

1) Boris Mihaylov 2) Alen Etsov
1) Spectri Ltd. Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: boris@spectri.bg 2) Spectri Ltd. Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: a.ecov@spectri.bg

Abstract: In the recent paper a general information about the new partnership from Brüel & Kjaer Vibro with Spectri is presented. Brüel & Kjær Vibro is the world’s leading independent supplier of protective/safety monitoring, and knowledge-based condition and performance monitoring solutions forrotating machinery. Their solutions, incorporating a wide product range and global service organisation, are tailored to maximize safety, plant utilization and operational effectiveness, while minimizing unplanned outages and maintenance costs. By becoming partners with them, we can provide the Bulgarian industry with new online/offline solutions for machine protection, condition monitoring, diagnosis, vibration measuring equipment, sensors, accessories.

Key-words: Vibration, Sensors, Spectri, Monitoring, Solutions

Pages from: 70 to: 73

Language of the report: english

Approach in the Analysis of Complex Objects

1) O. Ivanets 2) I. Morozova 3) M. Nazarchyk 4) A. Mykolushko 5) Ye. Ivanytskyi
1) Department of Biocybernetics and Aerospace Medicine National Aviation University Kyiv, Ukraine; e-mail: olchik2104@ukr.net 2) Department of Electronic, National Aviation University Kyiv, Ukraine; e-mail: iramoro@ukr.net 3) Department of Biocybernetics and Aerospace Medicine National Aviation University Kyiv, Ukraine; e-mail: skorpion2810@ukr.net 4) Department of Electronic, National Aviation University Kyiv, Ukraine; e-mail: 9shik@ukr.net 5) Department of Electronic, National Aviation University Kyiv, Ukraine; e-mail: evci@nau.edu.ua

Abstract: The article shows the need for a systematic approach in the analysis and evaluation of the state of complex objects of various types. A systematic approach to the analysis of complex date objects the opportunity to find new ways to optimize the resources of these projects. The main goal of the system approach is physically implemented by a number of software tools. In the proposed work, as a tool for the implementation of the systems approach, it was proposed to use the methodology of functional modeling IDEF0. This approach allowed us to create a functional model of the object to determine the function of each element and at the same time visualize its structural features. Methodology IDEF0 is actively used for the analysis and design of technological processes. In this paper, the authors proposed using technology IDEF0 to describe and analyze the interaction of resources for such a complex object as the human body. There is a decomposition of several levels in this work. In the form of blocks presents the main functions of the simulated object. These functions are broken down (decomposed) into composite parts and presented in the form of more detailed diagrams. The situation continues until the object is described at the level of detail necessary to achieve the objectives of a particular study. The top level diagram provides the most general or abstract description of the functioning of the human body. This chart is followed by a series of diagrams that give a more detailed picture of the main subsystems of the body. Using decomposition, the human body was divided into main subsystems. A mathematical model is proposed for one of the subsystems of the organism. This model is tested for adequacy. And it can be used to describe the output of this subsystem from the state of homeostasis.

Key-words: functional modeling, decomposition, systems approach, body subsystems, model component

Pages from: 74 to: 77

Language of the report: english

Software simulation system for the solution of the reverse problem of volume scattering of natural gas bubbles. Architecture optimization subsystem

1) Vira Golyan 2) Nataliia Golyan 3) Kyrylo Halchenko
1) Software Engineering Department Kharkiv National University of Radioelectronics Kharkiv, Ukraine e-mail: vira.golan@nure.ua 2) Software Engineering Department Kharkiv National University of Radioelectronics Kharkiv, Ukraine e-mail: nata2012.nn@gmail.com 3) Information Network Engineering Department Kharkiv National University of Radioelectronics Kharkiv, Ukraine e-mail: kyrylo.halchenko@nure.ua

Abstract: The simulation and optimization of the software simulation system for solving the inverse problem of volume scattering of gas bubbles are investigated. The developed software enables to automatically simulate the situation of the process, calculate the physical model with the given input data and visualize the result for development. The software development method is based on the C ++ programming language, the Boost library, the Qt framework and the Qt Creator integrated development environment.

Key-words: C ++, BOOST, Qt, GUI, CHARTS, HISTOHRAM, DESKTOP, THREADS LIBRARY, LIBTEST, BDD, UNIT-TESTS

Pages from: 78 to: 80

Language of the report: english

Measurement in Psychophysiology: Analysis of Current Challenges and Achievements by the Example of EEG-studies of Acute Stress

1) Anton Pashkov
1) Department of Clinical Psychology Biomedical school, South Ural State University Chelyabinsk, Russia e-mail: pashkov-anton@mail.ru

Abstract: Measurement issue is one of the core problems in modern neuroscience due to continuous improvement in spatial and temporal resolution of techniques for brain investigation. This paper presents main challenges and up-to-date achievements regarding the registration, analysis of EEG signals, as well as the current trends in search for new biomarkers of acute and chronic stress based on the processing of electrophysiological data obtained by non-invasive way

Key-words: psychophysiology, EEG, acute stress, biomarkers

Pages from: 81 to: 83

Language of the report: english

Key Metrological Issues of Medical Psychological Diagnostics

1) Mikhail Berebin 2) Anna Shtrakhova
1) Department of Clinical psychology Biomedical school, South Ural State University Chelyabinsk, Russia e-mail: pashkov-anton@mail.ru 2) Department of Clinical psychology Biomedical school, South Ural State University Chelyabinsk, Russia e-mail: pashkovanton@mail.ru

Abstract: Medical psychological diagnostics is a relatively new interdisciplinary branch of clinical psychology that has developed in recent years. It combines problems and objectives of at least two areas of knowledge and practice: psychological diagnostics and medicine. Measurement (as finding of measure, that is, the ratio of quantity and quality of an object) involves the use of different scales, at least, quantitative and qualitative, and the result is, as a rule, a quantitatively expressed value, even though the value is measured on the basis of qualitative ordinary scales. But it should be noted that in medicine, primarily in psychiatry and clinical psychology, there are no scales of their own, and classical metrological scales are borrowed. Thus, the question arises about the correctness and permissibility of transformations of results obtained by indirect measurements using such scales. The problems and questions raised in this publication reflect only part of the difficulties that arise in medical psychodiagnostics as an industry that deals with measurement of non-physical quantities, alienated products of brain activity and do not cover even deeper phenomena.

Key-words: medical psychological diagnostics, measurement in medicine and clinical psychology

Pages from: 84 to: 85

Language of the report: english

Expert Assessment and Expert Judgments as a Metrological Problem in the Field of Non-Physical Quantities Measurement

1) Mikhail Berebin
1) Department of Clinical psychology South Ural State University Chelyabinsk, Russia e-mail: pashkov-anton@mail.ru

Abstract: «Man is the measure of all things: of the things that are, that they are, of the things that are not, that they are not»

Key-words: expert assessment,expert judgments, metrological problem, non-physical quantities

Pages from: 86 to: 88

Language of the report: english

Measurements of Non-Physical Quantities and Data Analysis in Clinical and Psychological Practice: Issue of Metrological Correlation in the Process of Development of Mathematical Models of Psychological Phenomena

1) Julia Shmotina
1) International Relations and Development South Ural State University Chelyabinsk, Russia e-mail: pashkov-anton@mail.ru

Abstract: In recent years science needs to embrace digitization as one of the methods of reproduction of scientific knowledge. Thus emerges the question about the possibility of using nonphysical quantities and related psychological phenomena. Methods of mathematical modelling are at the basis of digitization, they are employed to describe certain phenomena, to analyze and forecast the changes within them. The success and priority of the creation of mathematical models is additionally justified by the inherent strict elegance, which also makes it possible to obtain completely unexpected solutions based on statistics processed with specified algorithms. “Research conducted by mathematicians represents beautiful and elegant abstract mathematical systems. It is art, which way of expression is using ideas.” However, the problem of data mining in measurement of psychological phenomena, as well as principles and rules of their analysis (for developing adequate mathematical models) are under-represented in the most of scientific researches.

Key-words: ACCURACY FACTORS, MATHEMATICAL MODEL, CLINICPSYCHOLOGICAL PHENOMENA, CRITERIA OF ITS EVALUATION

Pages from: 89 to: 91

Language of the report: english

Research of colorimetric characteristics of reference materials for reflection in various measurement geometries

1) Gergana Blaskova
1) Department of Optics, Acoustics and Vibrations Bulgarian Institute of Metrology Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: g.blaskova@bim.government.bg

Abstract: The results of measuring the spectral diffuse reflectance and spectral radiance factor of white, gray, black and color reference materials in various geometries of measurement are presented. Their colorimetric characteristics are defined. Their color differences are rated. The study was conducted with three different spectrophotometers in the visible range of the optical spectrum.

Key-words: reference material, diffuse reflectance, radiance factor, geometry for reflection measurements

Pages from: 92 to: 95

Language of the report: english

Traceability of the National vibration measurement standard via comparison with previous PTB calibration report

1) Daniela Virovska 2) Marin Chushkov 3) Kaloyan Popov
1) Bulgarian Institute of Metrology, e-mail: d.virovska@bim.government.bg 2) Bulgarian Institute of Metrology, e-mail: m.chushkov@bim.government.bg 3) Bulgarian Institute of Metrology, e-mail: kaloyanpopov73@gmail.com

Abstract: The traceability of National vibration measurement standard is achieved through periodic calibration check by determination of the magnitude of the complex sensitivity Sq of a standard accelerometer type B&K 8305(BB) via the Initial calibration method based on Laser Interferometry. Harmonic sinusoidal vibration is applied to the accelerometer and its amplitude is measured with laser interferometer according to ISO 16063-11(Method#3: Sine wave-approximation). The obtained results are compared with their previously measured values from past PTB calibration report, in order to assure its stability and quality of operation.

Key-words: Vibrations, Laser Interferometry, Accelerometer, ISO16063-11, Relative Expanded Uncertainty

Pages from: 96 to: 100

Language of the report: english

Impact of the new definition of the kilogram on the BIM (DG NCM) work

1) Tsvetomir Petkov
1) BIM, DG NCM Mechanical Measurements Department Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: Ts.Petkov@ bim.government.bg

Abstract: With the introduction of the new definition of the kilogram, the last definition of a base unit based on a physical artefact is sent to history. This change will not affect directly the life of ordinary citizens, but it will have a huge impact on the work of the National Metrological Institutes (NMI) in the long term, and on the Bulgarian Institute of Metrology (BIM) including.

Key-words: kilogram, definition, Kibble balance, BIM

Pages from: 101 to: 104

Language of the report: english

Metrology assurance of differential pressure transmitter with square roof function

1) Tatyana Petkova 2) Lyuboslav Hristov
1) dept. Metrology assurance Kozloduy NPP plc Kozloduy, Bulgaria e-mail: tpetkova@npp.bg 2) dept. Metrology assurance Kozloduy NPP plc Kozloduy, Bulgaria e-mail: LHHristov@npp.bg

Abstract: The report addresses the method and tools to perform verification of differential pressure transmitters with DC output signal, Metran 22, DD-2440 model, with square root function and computation of the functional relationship between input and output signal. The aim is to detect the compliance between the normalized and measured characteristics in the process of verification of the characteristics.

Key-words: differential pressure transmitter, Metran-22 DD- 2440, square root, metrological verification

Pages from: 105 to: 108

Language of the report: english

Metrology assurance of dosemeters/radiometers, UIM 2-2 type

1) Zoya Ivanova 2) Nely Ivanova
1) Kozloduy NPP EAD Metrology Assurance Department e-mail: zhivanova@npp.bg 2) Kozloduy NPP EAD, Metrology Assurance Department e-mail: nsivanova2@npp.bg

Abstract: The report describes the main tasks for metrology assurance of dosemeter/radiometer, UIM 2-2 type, at Kozloduy NPP, the activities to provide for the anticipated high performance in this field and compliance with the national and international requirements. The report is based on the developed and approved documents according to the process established by Ionizing Radiation Measurement Laboratory in Metrology Assurance Department at Kozloduy NPP EAD, and which are based on the long-term experience and meet the regulatory and legal requirements.

Key-words: Metrology assurance, metrology, calibration, verification

Pages from: 109 to: 113

Language of the report: english

REALIZATION OF THE RELATIVE HUMIDITY AND DEW POINT TEMPERATURES AT NATIONAL CENTER OF METROLOGY (NCM), BIM, BULGARIA

1) Katya Mileva
1) Temperature Measurements Department National Center of Metrology, BIM Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: k.koycheva@bim.government.bg

Abstract: At Temperature Measurements Department of the National Center of Metrology, BIM the standard in the field of calibration of relative humidity is a Precision Dew Point Hygrometer, which is included in an Automatic Relative Humidity Calibration System with temperature camera and flow type generation of the moisture gas. Review of relative humidity (RH) measurements requires: - Traceability of reference standards - The inputs with known contribution to uncertainty - Validated procedures - Uniformity of the chamber environment - Multiple RH and temperature calibration points Calibration and Measurement Capabilities (CMC’s) for Relative Humidity of Temperature Measurements Department, National Center of Metrology (NCM), BIM were adopted in 2016 and in 2017 they were published in Appendix C of the KCDB. A brief review and description of the measurement techniques, apparatus used and important points of uncertainty budget are given in this paper.

Key-words: NMIs – National Metrology Institutes, RH – Relative Humidity, %rh - Relative Humidity measurement unit, DP – Dew Point , WVP – water vapor pressure, temperature gradients, CMC – Calibration and Measurement Capabilities

Pages from: 114 to: 118

Language of the report: english

Exploring the need for FMEA analysis in the choice of the Photogrammetric method for control and measurement in heavy machinery.

1) Miroslav Kokalarov 2) Boris Sakakushev 3) Svetlin Parvanov
1) dept. "Technology of machine-building and metal-cutting machines". University of Ruse “Angel Kanchev". Rousse, Bulgaria email: mkokalarov@uni-ruse.bg 2) dept. "Technology of machine-building and metal-cutting machines". University of Ruse “Angel Kanchev". Rousse, Bulgaria email: bsak@uni-ruse.bg 3) dept. "Technology of machine-building and metal-cutting machines". University of Ruse “Angel Kanchev". Rousse, Bulgaria email: sparvanov@uni-ruse.bg

Abstract: The article examines the feasibility of the application and the acute practical need to develop the FMEA (the analysis of the failures and their consequences), the choice of the photogrammetric method for technical control of the quality indicators, tolerances of the form, the position and the dimensions in the heavy machine building, dependence.

Key-words: FMEA method, photogrammetric method of measurement, heavy machinery, risk assessment method

Pages from: 119 to: 123

Language of the report: english

The manifestation of synergy in management and social sciences, and methods for measuring it

1) Nazar Temirov 2) Dzhapar Alybaev
1) Candidate of Economics science Doctorant of The Kyrgyz National University named after Jusup Balasagyn Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic e-mail: lpp.temar@mail.ru 2) Doctor of Economics science Professor of The Kyrgyz National University named after Jusup Balasagyn Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic e-mail: alybaev1963@mail.ru

Abstract: The article suggests the use of a systematic approach in management by using well-known management schools and areas of achievement at the same time. The article touches on the essence of the concept of synergy, and that synergy exists only in such a system that performs its functions. On its basis, a hypothesis has been proposed for identifying synergy, and in the processes themselves a systematic approach has been proposed to identify phenomena such as synergy. It is proposed that the source of synergy might be “entropy”. The author of the article indicates that processes take place in any activity of a human beings and society, such as the humanities, social and economic sciences, which implies the existence of entropy, which is very similar to the theory of transactions and transaction costs. This approach is necessary for the application of budgeting and financial relations for individual entities and as well as the whole state.

Key-words: schools of management systematic approach, synergy, synergy effect, entropy, process, transactions, transaction costs

Pages from: 124 to: 127

Language of the report: english

Exploration of the advantages and an algorithm for the implementation of the digital twin concept

1) Georgi Todorov 2) Konstantin Kamberov 3) Blagovest Zlatev
1) FIT, Technical University of Sofia line Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: gdt@tu-sofia.bg 2) Lab. “CAD/CAM/CAE in Industry”, FIT, Technical University of Sofia line Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: kkamberov@tu-sofia.bg 3) Lab. “CAD/CAM/CAE in Industry”, FIT, Technical University of Sofia line Sofia, Bulgaria e-mail: bzlatev@3clab.com

Abstract: The paper presents a research into the concept of digital twins based on a virtual prototype and the advantages it has. Also presented are the inner workings of the digital twin method and the possible algorithms for implementing it in the manufacturing workflow. Additionally, software products that take care of that process by guiding the user and helping them to implement the vast quantities of data and the sensor data acquisition the needed components from the Internet of Things methodology. Presented are the summarized advantages and reasons for implementing the digital twin methodology.

Key-words: Digital Twins, CAE, IoT, Industry 4.0

Pages from: 128 to: 131

Language of the report: english